Experience Life from the Edo Period in the UNESCO Village of Shirakawa-go

Guide to Shirakawa-go, Gifu Prefecture

 

1. History and Tradition of Shirakawa-go

Shirakawa-go, located in Gifu Prefecture, is a traditional village famous for its unique thatched-roof houses known as *Gassho-zukuri*, or “hands-in-prayer” style.

This traditional architectural style, with steeply sloped roofs, resembles hands pressed together in prayer and was designed to handle heavy snowfall during the harsh winters.

This village has preserved Japan’s rural culture since the Edo period and was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.

The *Gassho-zukuri* houses have steeply sloped roofs that allow snow to slide off easily, protecting the homes from heavy snowfalls.

Additionally, the spacious attics were traditionally used for silk farming, while the thick thatched roofs help insulate against winter's cold.

2. Culture and Traditional Events in Shirakawa-go

　　

Shirakawa-go retains Japan’s traditional culture and customs. During winter, the village transforms into a magical landscape blanketed in snow, with the *Gassho-zukuri* houses beautifully illuminated.

This light-up event occurs annually from January to February and requires reservations.

In the fall, Shirakawa-go also celebrates a traditional event known as *Dondoyaki*, where rice sheaves are hung as a prayer for bountiful harvests.

3. Main Attractions

- Myosenji Temple

　　

Myosenji is the largest temple in Shirakawa-go, with a history of over 300 years.

Its main hall and five-story pagoda are particularly notable, and the pagoda is a rare example of *Gassho-zukuri* in religious architecture.

Now open to the public as a museum, it displays farming tools and household items, offering visitors a glimpse into traditional village life.

- Akiba Shrine

Akiba Shrine is dedicated to a deity who protects against fires, a critical guardian for Shirakawa-go, where the closely packed wooden houses make fire a significant risk. Each November, a special festival is held to give thanks to the shrine’s deity.

- Shiroyama Observation Deck
This observation deck provides a panoramic view of Shirakawa-go. In winter, visitors can enjoy the breathtaking sight of the snow-covered village, especially during the light-up event. The view from Shiroyama looks almost like a painting, captivating visitors from around the world.

- Wada House
The Wada House is an authentic *Gassho-zukuri* home that dates back to the Edo period, originally belonging to a wealthy local family. Though still inhabited, parts of the home are open to visitors, showcasing the impressive craftsmanship and spacious grounds of this historic house.

4. Access Information

- Public Transportation

From Nagoya, take the JR line to Gifu Station (around 30 minutes), then transfer to a bus to Takayama (around 2 hours), and finally a bus to Shirakawa-go (about 50 minutes).

- By Car

Shirakawa-go is approximately a 3-hour drive from Nagoya. Take the Tokai-Hokuriku Expressway and exit at Shirakawa-go IC.

5. Fun Trivia About Shirakawa-go

- Traditional Attire

In winter, locals wear traditional straw sandals and thick *dōtera* (heavy coats) designed to endure the cold.

- Snow Removal

Villagers work together in a long-standing communal effort known as “snow removal,” helping clear snow from the heavy roofs to prevent structural damage.

- A Shrine for Every Home

Each house in Shirakawa-go has a small shrine where the family prays to a household deity daily, keeping this intimate custom alive.

 

Shirakawa-go offers a unique window into Japan’s rural culture and beautiful natural scenery. Enjoy the rich history, traditions, and warm hospitality of the local people during your visit!

 

---------------------

photographer @p.anpan